The 2026 Nuclear Proliferation Treaty Review Conference revealed a treaty still alive, but under strain. Yet the real danger, argues Leonardo Bandarra, may be less dramatic than collapse. States may keep praising the NPT, while trusting it less. The myth of Orpheus offers a simple warning about what doubt can destroy
Senior Researcher, Institute for Development and Peace (INEF), University of Duisburg-Essen / Director, Middle East Treaty Organization
Leonardo works on nuclear verification, regional approaches to WMD disarmament, non-proliferation and arms control, trust and mistrust, and IR perspectives from the Global South as part of VeSPoTec, a research consortium funded by the German Federal Ministry of Research, Technology and Space.
He is also a director of the Middle East Treaty Organization (METO).
Leonardo holds a PhD in social sciences from the University of Göttingen, in collaboration with the German Institute for Global and Regional Studies (GIGA); an MA and BA in international relations from the University of Brasília; and a university diploma in international nuclear law from the University of Montpellier in France.
His work has appeared in Nonproliferation Review, the Journal of Peace and Nuclear Disarmament, Revista Brasileira de Política International, Zeitschrift für Friedens- und Konfliktforschung, Critical Studies on Security, and the Bulletin of Atomic Scientists, among other journals.
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